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<HTML xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:dcq="http://purl.org/dc/qualifiers/1.0/" xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format" xmlns:fn="http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions">
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Google JSON Style Guide</TITLE>
<META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<LINK HREF="/styleguide/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon">
<LINK HREF="styleguide.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet">
<SCRIPT language="javascript" type="text/javascript">
function GetElementsByName(name) {
// Workaround a bug on old versions of opera.
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bodyElement.style.display = "inline";
linkElement.style.display = "block";
buttonElement.innerHTML = '▽';
} else {
bodyElement.style.display = "none";
linkElement.style.display = "none";
buttonElement.innerHTML = '▶';
}
}
}
function ShowHideByName(namePrefix) {
ChangeVisibility(namePrefix, function(old) { return !old; });
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function ShowByName(namePrefix) {
ChangeVisibility(namePrefix, function() { return true; });
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function ShowHideAll() {
var allButton = GetElementsByName("show_hide_all_button")[0];
if (allButton.innerHTML == '▽') {
allButton.innerHTML = '▶';
SetHiddenState(document.getElementsByTagName("body")[0].childNodes, "none", '▶');
} else {
allButton.innerHTML = '▽';
SetHiddenState(document.getElementsByTagName("body")[0].childNodes, "inline", '▽');
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}
// Recursively sets state of all children
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for (var i = 0; i != root.length; i++) {
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root[i].className == 'link_button') {
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}
}
function EndsWith(str, suffix) {
var l = str.length - suffix.length;
return l >= 0 && str.indexOf(suffix, l) == l;
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window.onhashchange = RefreshVisibilityFromHashParam;
window.onload = function() {
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</HEAD>
<BODY>
<H1>Google JSON Style Guide</H1>
<p align="right">
Revision 0.9
</p>
<address>
</address>
<DIV style="margin-left: 50%; font-size: 75%;">
<P>
Each style point has a summary for which additional information is available
by toggling the accompanying arrow button that looks this way:
<SPAN class="showhide_button" style="margin-left: 0; float: none">▶</SPAN>.
You may toggle all summaries with the big arrow button:
</P>
<DIV style=" font-size: larger; margin-left: +2em;">
<SPAN class="showhide_button" style="font-size: 180%; float: none" onclick="javascript:ShowHideAll()" name="show_hide_all_button" id="show_hide_all_button">▶</SPAN>
Toggle all summaries
</DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="toc">
<DIV class="toc_title">Table of Contents</DIV>
<TABLE>
<TR valign="top" class="">
<TD><DIV class="toc_category"><A href="#General_Guidelines">General Guidelines</A></DIV></TD>
<TD><DIV class="toc_stylepoint">
<SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#Comments">Comments</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#Double_Quotes">Double Quotes</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#Flattened_data_vs_Structured_Hierarchy">Flattened data vs Structured Hierarchy</A></SPAN> </DIV></TD>
</TR>
<TR valign="top" class="">
<TD><DIV class="toc_category"><A href="#Property_Name_Guidelines">Property Name Guidelines</A></DIV></TD>
<TD><DIV class="toc_stylepoint">
<SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#Property_Name_Format">Property Name Format</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#Key_Names_in_JSON_Maps">Key Names in JSON Maps</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#Reserved_Property_Names">Reserved Property Names</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#Singular_vs_Plural_Property_Names">Singular vs Plural Property Names</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#Naming_Conflicts">Naming Conflicts</A></SPAN> </DIV></TD>
</TR>
<TR valign="top" class="">
<TD><DIV class="toc_category"><A href="#Property_Value_Guidelines">Property Value Guidelines</A></DIV></TD>
<TD><DIV class="toc_stylepoint">
<SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#Property_Value_Format">Property Value Format</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#Empty/Null_Property_Values">Empty/Null Property Values</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#Enum_Values">Enum Values</A></SPAN> </DIV></TD>
</TR>
<TR valign="top" class="">
<TD><DIV class="toc_category"><A href="#Property_Value_Data_Types">Property Value Data Types</A></DIV></TD>
<TD><DIV class="toc_stylepoint">
<SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#Date_Property_Values">Date Property Values</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#Time_Duration_Property_Values">Time Duration Property Values</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#Latitude/Longitude_Property_Values">Latitude/Longitude Property Values</A></SPAN> </DIV></TD>
</TR>
<TR valign="top" class="">
<TD><DIV class="toc_category"><A href="#JSON_Structure_&_Reserved_Property_Names">JSON Structure & Reserved Property Names</A></DIV></TD>
<TD><DIV class="toc_stylepoint"></DIV></TD>
</TR>
<TR valign="top" class="">
<TD><DIV class="toc_category"><A href="#Top-Level_Reserved_Property_Names">Top-Level Reserved Property Names</A></DIV></TD>
<TD><DIV class="toc_stylepoint">
<SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#apiVersion">apiVersion</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#context">context</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#id">id</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#method">method</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#params">params</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#data">data</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#error">error</A></SPAN> </DIV></TD>
</TR>
<TR valign="top" class="">
<TD><DIV class="toc_category"><A href="#Reserved_Property_Names_in_the_data_object">Reserved Property Names in the data object</A></DIV></TD>
<TD><DIV class="toc_stylepoint">
<SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#data.kind">data.kind</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#data.fields">data.fields</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#data.etag">data.etag</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#data.id">data.id</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#data.lang">data.lang</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#data.updated">data.updated</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#data.deleted">data.deleted</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#data.items">data.items</A></SPAN> </DIV></TD>
</TR>
<TR valign="top" class="">
<TD><DIV class="toc_category"><A href="#Reserved_Property_Names_for_Paging">Reserved Property Names for Paging</A></DIV></TD>
<TD><DIV class="toc_stylepoint">
<SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#data.currentItemCount">data.currentItemCount</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#data.itemsPerPage">data.itemsPerPage</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#data.startIndex">data.startIndex</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#data.totalItems">data.totalItems</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#data.pagingLinkTemplate">data.pagingLinkTemplate</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#data.pageIndex">data.pageIndex</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#data.totalPages">data.totalPages</A></SPAN> </DIV></TD>
</TR>
<TR valign="top" class="">
<TD><DIV class="toc_category"><A href="#Reserved_Property_Names_for_Links">Reserved Property Names for Links</A></DIV></TD>
<TD><DIV class="toc_stylepoint">
<SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#data.self_/_data.selfLink">data.self / data.selfLink</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#data.edit_/_data.editLink">data.edit / data.editLink</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#data.next_/_data.nextLink">data.next / data.nextLink</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#data.previous_/_data.previousLink">data.previous / data.previousLink</A></SPAN> </DIV></TD>
</TR>
<TR valign="top" class="">
<TD><DIV class="toc_category"><A href="#Reserved_Property_Names_in_the_error_object">Reserved Property Names in the error object</A></DIV></TD>
<TD><DIV class="toc_stylepoint">
<SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#error.code">error.code</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#error.message">error.message</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#error.errors">error.errors</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#error.errors[].domain">error.errors[].domain</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#error.errors[].reason">error.errors[].reason</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#error.errors[].message">error.errors[].message</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#error.errors[].location">error.errors[].location</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#error.errors[].locationType">error.errors[].locationType</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#error.errors[].extendedHelp">error.errors[].extendedHelp</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#error.errors[].sendReport">error.errors[].sendReport</A></SPAN> </DIV></TD>
</TR>
<TR valign="top" class="">
<TD><DIV class="toc_category"><A href="#Property_Ordering">Property Ordering</A></DIV></TD>
<TD><DIV class="toc_stylepoint">
<SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#Kind_Property">Kind Property</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#Items_Property">Items Property</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#Property_Ordering_Example">Property Ordering Example</A></SPAN> </DIV></TD>
</TR>
<TR valign="top" class="">
<TD><DIV class="toc_category"><A href="#Examples">Examples</A></DIV></TD>
<TD><DIV class="toc_stylepoint">
<SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#YouTube_JSON_API">YouTube JSON API</A></SPAN> <SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#Paging_Example">Paging Example</A></SPAN> </DIV></TD>
</TR>
<TR valign="top" class="">
<TD><DIV class="toc_category"><A href="#Appendix">Appendix</A></DIV></TD>
<TD><DIV class="toc_stylepoint">
<SPAN style="padding-right: 1em; white-space:nowrap;" class=""><A href="#Appendix_A:_Reserved_JavaScript_Words">Appendix A: Reserved JavaScript Words</A></SPAN> </DIV></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</DIV>
<DIV class="">
<H2 name="Important_Note" id="Important_Note">Important Note</H2>
<DIV class="">
<H3><A name="Display_Hidden_Details_in_this_Guide" id="Display_Hidden_Details_in_this_Guide">Display Hidden Details in this Guide</A></H3>
<SPAN class="link_button" id="link-Display_Hidden_Details_in_this_Guide__button" name="link-Display_Hidden_Details_in_this_Guide__button"><A href="?showone=Display_Hidden_Details_in_this_Guide#Display_Hidden_Details_in_this_Guide">
link
</A></SPAN><SPAN class="showhide_button" onclick="javascript:ShowHideByName('Display_Hidden_Details_in_this_Guide')" name="Display_Hidden_Details_in_this_Guide__button" id="Display_Hidden_Details_in_this_Guide__button">▶</SPAN>
<DIV style="display:inline;" class="">
This style guide contains many details that are initially hidden from view. They are marked by the triangle icon, which you see here on your left. Click it now. You should see "Hooray" appear below.
</DIV>
<DIV class=""><DIV class="stylepoint_body" name="Display_Hidden_Details_in_this_Guide__body" id="Display_Hidden_Details_in_this_Guide__body" style="display: none">
<p>Hooray! Now you know you can expand points to get more details. Alternatively, there's an "expand all" at the top of this document.</p>
</DIV></DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="">
<H2 name="Introduction" id="Introduction">Introduction</H2>
<p>This style guide documents guidelines and recommendations for building JSON APIs at Google. In general, JSON APIs should follow the spec found at <a href="https://www.json.org">JSON.org</a>. This style guide clarifies and standardizes specific cases so that JSON APIs from Google have a standard look and feel. These guidelines are applicable to JSON requests and responses in both RPC-based and REST-based APIs.</p>
</DIV>
<DIV class="">
<H2 name="Definitions" id="Definitions">Definitions</H2>
<p>For the purposes of this style guide, we define the following terms:</p>
<ul>
<li>property - a name/value pair inside a JSON object.</li>
<li>property name - the name (or key) portion of the property.</li>
<li>property value - the value portion of the property.</li>
</ul>
<DIV class=""><PRE>{
// The name/value pair together is a "property".
"propertyName": "propertyValue"
}
</PRE></DIV>
<p>Javascript's <code>number</code> type encompasses all floating-point numbers, which is a broad designation. In this guide, <code>number</code> will refer to JavaScript's <code>number</code> type, while <code>integer</code> will refer to integers.</p>
</DIV>
<DIV class="">
<H2 name="General_Guidelines" id="General_Guidelines">General Guidelines</H2>
<DIV class="">
<H3><A name="Comments" id="Comments">Comments</A></H3>
<SPAN class="link_button" id="link-Comments__button" name="link-Comments__button"><A href="?showone=Comments#Comments">
link
</A></SPAN><SPAN class="showhide_button" onclick="javascript:ShowHideByName('Comments')" name="Comments__button" id="Comments__button">▶</SPAN>
<DIV style="display:inline;" class="">
No comments in JSON objects.
</DIV>
<DIV class=""><DIV class="stylepoint_body" name="Comments__body" id="Comments__body" style="display: none">
<p>Comments should not be included in JSON objects. Some of the examples in this style guide include comments. However this is only to clarify the examples.</p>
<DIV class=""><PRE class="badcode">{
// You may see comments in the examples below,
// But don't include comments in your JSON.
"propertyName": "propertyValue"
}
</PRE></DIV>
</DIV></DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="">
<H3><A name="Double_Quotes" id="Double_Quotes">Double Quotes</A></H3>
<SPAN class="link_button" id="link-Double_Quotes__button" name="link-Double_Quotes__button"><A href="?showone=Double_Quotes#Double_Quotes">
link
</A></SPAN><SPAN class="showhide_button" onclick="javascript:ShowHideByName('Double_Quotes')" name="Double_Quotes__button" id="Double_Quotes__button">▶</SPAN>
<DIV style="display:inline;" class="">
Use double quotes.
</DIV>
<DIV class=""><DIV class="stylepoint_body" name="Double_Quotes__body" id="Double_Quotes__body" style="display: none">
<p>If a property requires quotes, double quotes must be used. All property names must be surrounded by double quotes. Property values of type string must be surrounded by double quotes. Other value types (like boolean or number) should not be surrounded by double quotes.</p>
</DIV></DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="">
<H3><A name="Flattened_data_vs_Structured_Hierarchy" id="Flattened_data_vs_Structured_Hierarchy">Flattened data vs Structured Hierarchy</A></H3>
<SPAN class="link_button" id="link-Flattened_data_vs_Structured_Hierarchy__button" name="link-Flattened_data_vs_Structured_Hierarchy__button"><A href="?showone=Flattened_data_vs_Structured_Hierarchy#Flattened_data_vs_Structured_Hierarchy">
link
</A></SPAN><SPAN class="showhide_button" onclick="javascript:ShowHideByName('Flattened_data_vs_Structured_Hierarchy')" name="Flattened_data_vs_Structured_Hierarchy__button" id="Flattened_data_vs_Structured_Hierarchy__button">▶</SPAN>
<DIV style="display:inline;" class="">
Data should not be arbitrarily grouped for convenience.
</DIV>
<DIV class=""><DIV class="stylepoint_body" name="Flattened_data_vs_Structured_Hierarchy__body" id="Flattened_data_vs_Structured_Hierarchy__body" style="display: none">
<p>Data elements should be "flattened" in the JSON representation. Data should not be arbitrarily grouped for convenience.</p>
<p>In some cases, such as a collection of properties that represents a single structure, it may make sense to keep the structured hierarchy. These cases should be carefully considered, and only used if it makes semantic sense. For example, an address could be represented two ways, but the structured way probably makes more sense for developers:</p>
<p>Flattened Address:</p>
<DIV class=""><PRE>{
"company": "Google",
"website": "https://www.google.com/",
"addressLine1": "111 8th Ave",
"addressLine2": "4th Floor",
"state": "NY",
"city": "New York",
"zip": "10011"
}</PRE></DIV>
<p>Structured Address:</p>
<DIV class=""><PRE>{
"company": "Google",
"website": "https://www.google.com/",
"address": {
"line1": "111 8th Ave",
"line2": "4th Floor",
"state": "NY",
"city": "New York",
"zip": "10011"
}
}</PRE></DIV>
</DIV></DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="">
<H2 name="Property_Name_Guidelines" id="Property_Name_Guidelines">Property Name Guidelines</H2>
<DIV class="">
<H3><A name="Property_Name_Format" id="Property_Name_Format">Property Name Format</A></H3>
<SPAN class="link_button" id="link-Property_Name_Format__button" name="link-Property_Name_Format__button"><A href="?showone=Property_Name_Format#Property_Name_Format">
link
</A></SPAN><SPAN class="showhide_button" onclick="javascript:ShowHideByName('Property_Name_Format')" name="Property_Name_Format__button" id="Property_Name_Format__button">▶</SPAN>
<DIV style="display:inline;" class="">
Choose meaningful property names.
</DIV>
<DIV class=""><DIV class="stylepoint_body" name="Property_Name_Format__body" id="Property_Name_Format__body" style="display: none">
<p>Property names must conform to the following guidelines:</p>
<ul>
<li>Property names should be meaningful names with defined semantics.</li>
<li>Property names must be camel-cased, ascii strings.</li>
<li>The first character must be a letter, an underscore (_) or a dollar sign ($).</li>
<li>Subsequent characters can be a letter, a digit, an underscore, or a dollar sign.</li>
<li>Reserved JavaScript keywords should be avoided (A list of reserved JavaScript keywords can be found below).</li>
</ul>
<p>These guidelines mirror the guidelines for naming JavaScript identifiers. This allows JavaScript clients to access properties using dot notation. (for example, <code>result.thisIsAnInstanceVariable</code>). Here's an example of an object with one property:</p>
<DIV class=""><PRE>{
"thisPropertyIsAnIdentifier": "identifier value"
}
</PRE></DIV>
</DIV></DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="">
<H3><A name="Key_Names_in_JSON_Maps" id="Key_Names_in_JSON_Maps">Key Names in JSON Maps</A></H3>
<SPAN class="link_button" id="link-Key_Names_in_JSON_Maps__button" name="link-Key_Names_in_JSON_Maps__button"><A href="?showone=Key_Names_in_JSON_Maps#Key_Names_in_JSON_Maps">
link
</A></SPAN><SPAN class="showhide_button" onclick="javascript:ShowHideByName('Key_Names_in_JSON_Maps')" name="Key_Names_in_JSON_Maps__button" id="Key_Names_in_JSON_Maps__button">▶</SPAN>
<DIV style="display:inline;" class="">
JSON maps can use any Unicode character in key names.
</DIV>
<DIV class=""><DIV class="stylepoint_body" name="Key_Names_in_JSON_Maps__body" id="Key_Names_in_JSON_Maps__body" style="display: none">
<p>The property name naming rules do not apply when a JSON object is used as a map. A map (also referred to as an associative array) is a data type with arbitrary key/value pairs that use the keys to access the corresponding values. JSON objects and JSON maps look the same at runtime; this distinction is relevant to the design of the API. The API documentation should indicate when JSON objects are used as maps.</p>
<p>The keys of a map do not have to obey the naming guidelines for property names. Map keys may contain any Unicode characters. Clients can access these properties using the square bracket notation familiar for maps (for example, <code>result.thumbnails["72"]</code>).</p>
<DIV class=""><PRE>{
// The "address" property is a sub-object
// holding the parts of an address.
"address": {
"addressLine1": "123 Anystreet",
"city": "Anytown",
"state": "XX",
"zip": "00000"
},
// The "thumbnails" property is a map that maps
// a pixel size to the thumbnail url of that size.
"thumbnails": {
"72": "https://url.to.72px.thumbnail",
"144": "https://url.to.144px.thumbnail"
}
}
</PRE></DIV>
</DIV></DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="">
<H3><A name="Reserved_Property_Names" id="Reserved_Property_Names">Reserved Property Names</A></H3>
<SPAN class="link_button" id="link-Reserved_Property_Names__button" name="link-Reserved_Property_Names__button"><A href="?showone=Reserved_Property_Names#Reserved_Property_Names">
link
</A></SPAN><SPAN class="showhide_button" onclick="javascript:ShowHideByName('Reserved_Property_Names')" name="Reserved_Property_Names__button" id="Reserved_Property_Names__button">▶</SPAN>
<DIV style="display:inline;" class="">
Certain property names are reserved for consistent use across services.
</DIV>
<DIV class=""><DIV class="stylepoint_body" name="Reserved_Property_Names__body" id="Reserved_Property_Names__body" style="display: none">
<p>Details about reserved property names, along with the full list, can be found later on in this guide. Services should avoid using these property names for anything other than their defined semantics.</p>
</DIV></DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="">
<H3><A name="Singular_vs_Plural_Property_Names" id="Singular_vs_Plural_Property_Names">Singular vs Plural Property Names</A></H3>
<SPAN class="link_button" id="link-Singular_vs_Plural_Property_Names__button" name="link-Singular_vs_Plural_Property_Names__button"><A href="?showone=Singular_vs_Plural_Property_Names#Singular_vs_Plural_Property_Names">
link
</A></SPAN><SPAN class="showhide_button" onclick="javascript:ShowHideByName('Singular_vs_Plural_Property_Names')" name="Singular_vs_Plural_Property_Names__button" id="Singular_vs_Plural_Property_Names__button">▶</SPAN>
<DIV style="display:inline;" class="">
Array types should have plural property names. All other property names should be singular.
</DIV>
<DIV class=""><DIV class="stylepoint_body" name="Singular_vs_Plural_Property_Names__body" id="Singular_vs_Plural_Property_Names__body" style="display: none">
<p>Arrays usually contain multiple items, and a plural property name reflects this. An example of this can be seen in the reserved names below. The <code>items</code> property name is plural because it represents an array of item objects. Most of the other fields are singular.</p>
<p>There may be exceptions to this, especially when referring to numeric property values. For example, in the reserved names, <code>totalItems</code> makes more sense than <code>totalItem</code>. However, technically, this is not violating the style guide, since <code>totalItems</code> can be viewed as <code>totalOfItems</code>, where <code>total</code> is singular (as per the style guide), and <code>OfItems</code> serves to qualify the total. The field name could also be changed to <code>itemCount</code> to look singular.</p>
<DIV class=""><PRE>{
// Singular
"author": "lisa",
// An array of siblings, plural
"siblings": [ "bart", "maggie"],
// "totalItem" doesn't sound right
"totalItems": 10,
// But maybe "itemCount" is better
"itemCount": 10,
}
</PRE></DIV>
</DIV></DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="">
<H3><A name="Naming_Conflicts" id="Naming_Conflicts">Naming Conflicts</A></H3>
<SPAN class="link_button" id="link-Naming_Conflicts__button" name="link-Naming_Conflicts__button"><A href="?showone=Naming_Conflicts#Naming_Conflicts">
link
</A></SPAN><SPAN class="showhide_button" onclick="javascript:ShowHideByName('Naming_Conflicts')" name="Naming_Conflicts__button" id="Naming_Conflicts__button">▶</SPAN>
<DIV style="display:inline;" class="">
Avoid naming conflicts by choosing a new property name or versioning the API.
</DIV>
<DIV class=""><DIV class="stylepoint_body" name="Naming_Conflicts__body" id="Naming_Conflicts__body" style="display: none">
<p>New properties may be added to the reserved list in the future. There is no concept of JSON namespacing. If there is a naming conflict, these can usually be resolved by choosing a new property name or by versioning. For example, suppose we start with the following JSON object:</p>
<DIV class=""><PRE>{
"apiVersion": "1.0",
"data": {
"recipeName": "pizza",
"ingredients": ["tomatoes", "cheese", "sausage"]
}
}
</PRE></DIV>
<p>If in the future we wish to make <code>ingredients</code> a reserved word, we can do one of two things:</p>
<p>1) Choose a different name:</p>
<DIV class=""><PRE>{
"apiVersion": "1.0",
"data": {
"recipeName": "pizza",
"ingredientsData": "Some new property",
"ingredients": ["tomatoes", "cheese", "sausage"]
}
}
</PRE></DIV>
<p>2) Rename the property on a major version boundary:</p>
<DIV class=""><PRE>{
"apiVersion": "2.0",
"data": {
"recipeName": "pizza",
"ingredients": "Some new property",
"recipeIngredients": ["tomatoes", "cheese", "sausage"]
}
}
</PRE></DIV>
</DIV></DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="">
<H2 name="Property_Value_Guidelines" id="Property_Value_Guidelines">Property Value Guidelines</H2>
<DIV class="">
<H3><A name="Property_Value_Format" id="Property_Value_Format">Property Value Format</A></H3>
<SPAN class="link_button" id="link-Property_Value_Format__button" name="link-Property_Value_Format__button"><A href="?showone=Property_Value_Format#Property_Value_Format">
link
</A></SPAN><SPAN class="showhide_button" onclick="javascript:ShowHideByName('Property_Value_Format')" name="Property_Value_Format__button" id="Property_Value_Format__button">▶</SPAN>
<DIV style="display:inline;" class="">
Property values must be booleans, numbers, Unicode strings, objects, arrays, or <code>null</code>.
</DIV>
<DIV class=""><DIV class="stylepoint_body" name="Property_Value_Format__body" id="Property_Value_Format__body" style="display: none">
<p>The spec at <a href="https://www.json.org">JSON.org</a> specifies exactly what type of data is allowed in a property value. This includes booleans, numbers, Unicode strings, objects, arrays, and <code>null</code>. JavaScript expressions are not allowed. APIs should support that spec for all values, and should choose the data type most appropriate for a particular property (numbers to represent numbers, etc.).</p>
<p>Good:</p>
<DIV class=""><PRE>{
"canPigsFly": null, // null
"areWeThereYet": false, // boolean
"answerToLife": 42, // number
"name": "Bart", // string
"moreData": {}, // object
"things": [] // array
}
</PRE></DIV>
<p>Bad:</p>
<DIV class=""><PRE class="badcode">{
"aVariableName": aVariableName, // Bad - JavaScript identifier
"functionFoo": function() { return 1; } // Bad - JavaScript function
}
</PRE></DIV>
</DIV></DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="">
<H3><A name="Empty/Null_Property_Values" id="Empty/Null_Property_Values">Empty/Null Property Values</A></H3>
<SPAN class="link_button" id="link-Empty/Null_Property_Values__button" name="link-Empty/Null_Property_Values__button"><A href="?showone=Empty/Null_Property_Values#Empty/Null_Property_Values">
link
</A></SPAN><SPAN class="showhide_button" onclick="javascript:ShowHideByName('Empty/Null_Property_Values')" name="Empty/Null_Property_Values__button" id="Empty/Null_Property_Values__button">▶</SPAN>
<DIV style="display:inline;" class="">
Consider removing empty or <code>null</code> values.
</DIV>
<DIV class=""><DIV class="stylepoint_body" name="Empty/Null_Property_Values__body" id="Empty/Null_Property_Values__body" style="display: none">
<p>If a property is optional or has an empty or <code>null</code> value, consider dropping the property from the JSON, unless there's a strong semantic reason for its existence.</p>
<DIV class=""><PRE>{
"volume": 10,
// Even though the "balance" property's value is zero, it should be left in,
// since "0" signifies "even balance" (the value could be "-1" for left
// balance and "+1" for right balance.
"balance": 0,
// The "currentlyPlaying" property can be left out since it is null.
// "currentlyPlaying": null
}
</PRE></DIV>
</DIV></DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="">
<H3><A name="Enum_Values" id="Enum_Values">Enum Values</A></H3>
<SPAN class="link_button" id="link-Enum_Values__button" name="link-Enum_Values__button"><A href="?showone=Enum_Values#Enum_Values">
link
</A></SPAN><SPAN class="showhide_button" onclick="javascript:ShowHideByName('Enum_Values')" name="Enum_Values__button" id="Enum_Values__button">▶</SPAN>
<DIV style="display:inline;" class="">
Enum values should be represented as strings.
</DIV>
<DIV class=""><DIV class="stylepoint_body" name="Enum_Values__body" id="Enum_Values__body" style="display: none">
<p>As APIs grow, enum values may be added, removed or changed. Using strings as enum values ensures that downstream clients can gracefully handle changes to enum values.</p>
<p>Java code:</p>
<DIV class=""><PRE>public enum Color {
WHITE,
BLACK,
RED,
YELLOW,
BLUE
}
</PRE></DIV>
<p>JSON object:</p>
<DIV class=""><PRE>{
"color": "WHITE"
}
</PRE></DIV>
</DIV></DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="">
<H2 name="Property_Value_Data_Types" id="Property_Value_Data_Types">Property Value Data Types</H2>
<p>As mentioned above, property value types must be booleans, numbers, strings, objects, arrays, or <code>null</code>. However, it is useful define a set of standard data types when dealing with certain values. These data types will always be strings, but they will be formatted in a specific manner so that they can be easily parsed.</p>
<DIV class="">
<H3><A name="Date_Property_Values" id="Date_Property_Values">Date Property Values</A></H3>
<SPAN class="link_button" id="link-Date_Property_Values__button" name="link-Date_Property_Values__button"><A href="?showone=Date_Property_Values#Date_Property_Values">
link
</A></SPAN><SPAN class="showhide_button" onclick="javascript:ShowHideByName('Date_Property_Values')" name="Date_Property_Values__button" id="Date_Property_Values__button">▶</SPAN>
<DIV style="display:inline;" class="">
Dates should be formatted as recommended by RFC 3339.
</DIV>
<DIV class=""><DIV class="stylepoint_body" name="Date_Property_Values__body" id="Date_Property_Values__body" style="display: none">
<p>Dates should be strings formatted as recommended by <a href="https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3339.txt">RFC 3339</a></p>
<DIV class=""><PRE>{
"lastUpdate": "2007-11-06T16:34:41.000Z"
}
</PRE></DIV>
</DIV></DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="">
<H3><A name="Time_Duration_Property_Values" id="Time_Duration_Property_Values">Time Duration Property Values</A></H3>
<SPAN class="link_button" id="link-Time_Duration_Property_Values__button" name="link-Time_Duration_Property_Values__button"><A href="?showone=Time_Duration_Property_Values#Time_Duration_Property_Values">
link
</A></SPAN><SPAN class="showhide_button" onclick="javascript:ShowHideByName('Time_Duration_Property_Values')" name="Time_Duration_Property_Values__button" id="Time_Duration_Property_Values__button">▶</SPAN>
<DIV style="display:inline;" class="">
Time durations should be formatted as recommended by ISO 8601.
</DIV>
<DIV class=""><DIV class="stylepoint_body" name="Time_Duration_Property_Values__body" id="Time_Duration_Property_Values__body" style="display: none">
<p>Time duration values should be strings formatted as recommended by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601#Durations">ISO 8601</a>.</p>
<DIV class=""><PRE>{
// three years, six months, four days, twelve hours,
// thirty minutes, and five seconds
"duration": "P3Y6M4DT12H30M5S"
}
</PRE></DIV>
</DIV></DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="">
<H3><A name="Latitude/Longitude_Property_Values" id="Latitude/Longitude_Property_Values">Latitude/Longitude Property Values</A></H3>
<SPAN class="link_button" id="link-Latitude/Longitude_Property_Values__button" name="link-Latitude/Longitude_Property_Values__button"><A href="?showone=Latitude/Longitude_Property_Values#Latitude/Longitude_Property_Values">
link
</A></SPAN><SPAN class="showhide_button" onclick="javascript:ShowHideByName('Latitude/Longitude_Property_Values')" name="Latitude/Longitude_Property_Values__button" id="Latitude/Longitude_Property_Values__button">▶</SPAN>
<DIV style="display:inline;" class="">
Latitudes/Longitudes should be formatted as recommended by ISO 6709.
</DIV>
<DIV class=""><DIV class="stylepoint_body" name="Latitude/Longitude_Property_Values__body" id="Latitude/Longitude_Property_Values__body" style="display: none">
<p>Latitude/Longitude should be strings formatted as recommended by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_6709">ISO 6709</a>. Furthermore, they should favor the ±DD.DDDD±DDD.DDDD degrees format.</p>
<DIV class=""><PRE>{
// The latitude/longitude location of the statue of liberty.
"statueOfLiberty": "+40.6894-074.0447"
}
</PRE></DIV>
</DIV></DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="">
<H2 name="JSON_Structure_&_Reserved_Property_Names" id="JSON_Structure_&_Reserved_Property_Names">JSON Structure & Reserved Property Names</H2>
<p>In order to maintain a consistent interface across APIs, JSON objects should follow the structure outlined below. This structure applies to both requests and responses made with JSON. Within this structure, there are certain property names that are reserved for specific uses. These properties are NOT required; in other words, each reserved property may appear zero or one times. But if a service needs these properties, this naming convention is recommended. Here is a schema of the JSON structure, represented in <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=D&q=http%3A%2F%2Forderly-json.org%2F">Orderly</a> format (which in turn can be compiled into a <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=D&q=http%3A%2F%2Fjson-schema.org%2F">JSONSchema</a>). You can few examples of the JSON structure at the end of this guide.</p>
<DIV class=""><PRE>object {
string apiVersion?;
string context?;
string id?;
string method?;
object {
string id?
}* params?;
object {
string kind?;
string fields?;
string etag?;
string id?;
string lang?;
string updated?; # date formatted RFC 3339
boolean deleted?;
integer currentItemCount?;
integer itemsPerPage?;
integer startIndex?;
integer totalItems?;
integer pageIndex?;
integer totalPages?;
string pageLinkTemplate /^https?:/ ?;
object {}* next?;
string nextLink?;
object {}* previous?;
string previousLink?;
object {}* self?;
string selfLink?;
object {}* edit?;
string editLink?;
array [
object {}*;
] items?;
}* data?;
object {
integer code?;
string message?;
array [
object {
string domain?;
string reason?;
string message?;
string location?;
string locationType?;
string extendedHelp?;
string sendReport?;
}*;
] errors?;
}* error?;
}*;
</PRE></DIV>
<p>The JSON object has a few top-level properties, followed by either a <code>data</code> object or an <code>error</code> object, but not both. An explanation of each of these properties can be found below.</p>
</DIV>
<DIV class="">
<H2 name="Top-Level_Reserved_Property_Names" id="Top-Level_Reserved_Property_Names">Top-Level Reserved Property Names</H2>
<p>The top-level of the JSON object may contain the following properties.</p>
<DIV class="">
<H3><A name="apiVersion" id="apiVersion">apiVersion</A></H3>
<SPAN class="link_button" id="link-apiVersion__button" name="link-apiVersion__button"><A href="?showone=apiVersion#apiVersion">
link
</A></SPAN><SPAN class="showhide_button" onclick="javascript:ShowHideByName('apiVersion')" name="apiVersion__button" id="apiVersion__button">▶</SPAN>
<DIV style="display:inline;" class="">
Property Value Type: string<br>Parent: -
</DIV>
<DIV class=""><DIV class="stylepoint_body" name="apiVersion__body" id="apiVersion__body" style="display: none">
<p>Represents the desired version of the service API in a request, and the version of the service API that's served in the response. <code>apiVersion</code> should always be present. This is not related to the version of the data. Versioning of data should be handled through some other mechanism such as etags.</p>
<p>Example:</p>
<DIV class=""><PRE>{ "apiVersion": "2.1" }
</PRE></DIV>
</DIV></DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="">
<H3><A name="context" id="context">context</A></H3>
<SPAN class="link_button" id="link-context__button" name="link-context__button"><A href="?showone=context#context">
link
</A></SPAN><SPAN class="showhide_button" onclick="javascript:ShowHideByName('context')" name="context__button" id="context__button">▶</SPAN>
<DIV style="display:inline;" class="">
Property Value Type: string<br>Parent: -
</DIV>
<DIV class=""><DIV class="stylepoint_body" name="context__body" id="context__body" style="display: none">
<p>Client sets this value and server echos data in the response. This is useful in JSON-P and batch situations , where the user can use the <code>context</code> to correlate responses with requests. This property is a top-level property because the <code>context</code> should present regardless of whether the response was successful or an error. <code>context</code> differs from <code>id</code> in that <code>context</code> is specified by the user while <code>id</code> is assigned by the service.</p>
<p>Example:</p>
<p>Request #1:</p>
<DIV class=""><PRE>https://www.google.com/myapi?context=bart
</PRE></DIV>
<p>Request #2:</p>
<DIV class=""><PRE>https://www.google.com/myapi?context=lisa
</PRE></DIV>
<p>Response #1:</p>
<DIV class=""><PRE>{
"context": "bart",
"data": {
"items": []
}
}
</PRE></DIV>
<p>Response #2:</p>
<DIV class=""><PRE>{
"context": "lisa",
"data": {
"items": []
}
}
</PRE></DIV>
<p>Common JavaScript handler code to process both responses:</p>
<DIV class=""><PRE>function handleResponse(response) {
if (response.result.context == "bart") {
// Update the "Bart" section of the page.
} else if (response.result.context == "lisa") {
// Update the "Lisa" section of the page.
}
}
</PRE></DIV>
</DIV></DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="">
<H3><A name="id" id="id">id</A></H3>
<SPAN class="link_button" id="link-id__button" name="link-id__button"><A href="?showone=id#id">
link
</A></SPAN><SPAN class="showhide_button" onclick="javascript:ShowHideByName('id')" name="id__button" id="id__button">▶</SPAN>
<DIV style="display:inline;" class="">
Property Value Type: string<br>Parent: -
</DIV>
<DIV class=""><DIV class="stylepoint_body" name="id__body" id="id__body" style="display: none">
<p>A server supplied identifier for the response (regardless of whether the response is a success or an error). This is useful for correlating server logs with individual responses received at a client.</p>
<p>Example:</p>
<DIV class=""><PRE>{ "id": "1" }
</PRE></DIV>
</DIV></DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="">
<H3><A name="method" id="method">method</A></H3>
<SPAN class="link_button" id="link-method__button" name="link-method__button"><A href="?showone=method#method">
link
</A></SPAN><SPAN class="showhide_button" onclick="javascript:ShowHideByName('method')" name="method__button" id="method__button">▶</SPAN>
<DIV style="display:inline;" class="">
Property Value Type: string<br>Parent: -
</DIV>
<DIV class=""><DIV class="stylepoint_body" name="method__body" id="method__body" style="display: none">
<p>Represents the operation to perform, or that was performed, on the data. In the case of a JSON request, the <code>method</code> property can be used to indicate which operation to perform on the data. In the case of a JSON response, the <code>method</code> property can indicate the operation performed on the data.</p>
<p>One example of this is in JSON-RPC requests, where <code>method</code> indicates the operation to perform on the <code>params</code> property:</p>
<DIV class=""><PRE>{
"method": "people.get",
"params": {
"userId": "@me",
"groupId": "@self"
}
}
</PRE></DIV>
</DIV></DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="">
<H3><A name="params" id="params">params</A></H3>
<SPAN class="link_button" id="link-params__button" name="link-params__button"><A href="?showone=params#params">
link
</A></SPAN><SPAN class="showhide_button" onclick="javascript:ShowHideByName('params')" name="params__button" id="params__button">▶</SPAN>
<DIV style="display:inline;" class="">
Property Value Type: object<br>Parent: -
</DIV>
<DIV class=""><DIV class="stylepoint_body" name="params__body" id="params__body" style="display: none">
<p>This object serves as a map of input parameters to send to an RPC request. It can be used in conjunction with the <code>method</code> property to execute an RPC function. If an RPC function does not need parameters, this property can be omitted.</p>
<p>Example:</p>
<DIV class=""><PRE>{
"method": "people.get",
"params": {
"userId": "@me",
"groupId": "@self"
}
}
</PRE></DIV>
</DIV></DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="">
<H3><A name="data" id="data">data</A></H3>
<SPAN class="link_button" id="link-data__button" name="link-data__button"><A href="?showone=data#data">
link
</A></SPAN><SPAN class="showhide_button" onclick="javascript:ShowHideByName('data')" name="data__button" id="data__button">▶</SPAN>
<DIV style="display:inline;" class="">
Property Value Type: object<br>Parent: -
</DIV>
<DIV class=""><DIV class="stylepoint_body" name="data__body" id="data__body" style="display: none">
<p>Container for all the data from a response. This property itself has many reserved property names, which are described below. Services are free to add their own data to this object. A JSON response should contain either a <code>data</code> object or an <code>error</code> object, but not both. If both <code>data</code> and <code>error</code> are present, the <code>error</code> object takes precedence.</p>
</DIV></DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="">
<H3><A name="error" id="error">error</A></H3>
<SPAN class="link_button" id="link-error__button" name="link-error__button"><A href="?showone=error#error">
link
</A></SPAN><SPAN class="showhide_button" onclick="javascript:ShowHideByName('error')" name="error__button" id="error__button">▶</SPAN>
<DIV style="display:inline;" class="">
Property Value Type: object<br>Parent: -
</DIV>
<DIV class=""><DIV class="stylepoint_body" name="error__body" id="error__body" style="display: none">
<p>Indicates that an error has occurred, with details about the error. The error format supports either one or more errors returned from the service. A JSON response should contain either a <code>data</code> object or an <code>error</code> object, but not both. If both <code>data</code> and <code>error</code> are present, the <code>error</code> object takes precedence.</p>
<p>Example:</p>
<DIV class=""><PRE>{
"apiVersion": "2.0",
"error": {
"code": 404,
"message": "File Not Found",
"errors": [{
"domain": "Calendar",
"reason": "ResourceNotFoundException",
"message": "File Not Found"
}]
}
}
</PRE></DIV>
</DIV></DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="">
<H2 name="Reserved_Property_Names_in_the_data_object" id="Reserved_Property_Names_in_the_data_object">Reserved Property Names in the data object</H2>
<p>The <code>data</code> property of the JSON object may contain the following properties.</p>
<DIV class="">
<H3><A name="data.kind" id="data.kind">data.kind</A></H3>
<SPAN class="link_button" id="link-data.kind__button" name="link-data.kind__button"><A href="?showone=data.kind#data.kind">
link
</A></SPAN><SPAN class="showhide_button" onclick="javascript:ShowHideByName('data.kind')" name="data.kind__button" id="data.kind__button">▶</SPAN>
<DIV style="display:inline;" class="">
Property Value Type: string<br>Parent: <code>data</code>
</DIV>
<DIV class=""><DIV class="stylepoint_body" name="data.kind__body" id="data.kind__body" style="display: none">
<p>The <code>kind</code> property serves as a guide to what type of information this particular object stores. It can be present at the <code>data</code> level, or at the <code>items</code> level, or in any object where its helpful to distinguish between various types of objects. If the <code>kind</code> object is present, it should be the first property in the object (See the "Property Ordering" section below for more details).</p>
<p>Example:</p>
<DIV class=""><PRE>// "Kind" indicates an "album" in the Picasa API.
{"data": {"kind": "album"}}
</PRE></DIV>
</DIV></DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="">
<H3><A name="data.fields" id="data.fields">data.fields</A></H3>
<SPAN class="link_button" id="link-data.fields__button" name="link-data.fields__button"><A href="?showone=data.fields#data.fields">
link
</A></SPAN><SPAN class="showhide_button" onclick="javascript:ShowHideByName('data.fields')" name="data.fields__button" id="data.fields__button">▶</SPAN>
<DIV style="display:inline;" class="">
Property Value Type: string<br>Parent: <code>data</code>
</DIV>
<DIV class=""><DIV class="stylepoint_body" name="data.fields__body" id="data.fields__body" style="display: none">
<p>Represents the fields present in the response when doing a partial GET, or the fields present in a request when doing a partial PATCH. This property should only exist during a partial GET/PATCH, and should not be empty.</p>
<p>Example:</p>
<DIV class=""><PRE>{
"data": {
"kind": "user",
"fields": "author,id",
"id": "bart",
"author": "Bart"
}
}
</PRE></DIV>
</DIV></DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="">
<H3><A name="data.etag" id="data.etag">data.etag</A></H3>
<SPAN class="link_button" id="link-data.etag__button" name="link-data.etag__button"><A href="?showone=data.etag#data.etag">
link
</A></SPAN><SPAN class="showhide_button" onclick="javascript:ShowHideByName('data.etag')" name="data.etag__button" id="data.etag__button">▶</SPAN>
<DIV style="display:inline;" class="">
Property Value Type: string<br>Parent: <code>data</code>
</DIV>
<DIV class=""><DIV class="stylepoint_body" name="data.etag__body" id="data.etag__body" style="display: none">
<p>Represents the etag for the response. Details about ETags in the GData APIs can be found here: <a href="https://code.google.com/apis/gdata/docs/2.0/reference.html#ResourceVersioning">https://code.google.com/apis/gdata/docs/2.0/reference.html#ResourceVersioning</a></p>
<p>Example:</p>
<DIV class=""><PRE>{"data": {"etag": "W/"C0QBRXcycSp7ImA9WxRVFUk.""}}
</PRE></DIV>
</DIV></DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="">
<H3><A name="data.id" id="data.id">data.id</A></H3>
<SPAN class="link_button" id="link-data.id__button" name="link-data.id__button"><A href="?showone=data.id#data.id">
link
</A></SPAN><SPAN class="showhide_button" onclick="javascript:ShowHideByName('data.id')" name="data.id__button" id="data.id__button">▶</SPAN>
<DIV style="display:inline;" class="">
Property Value Type: string<br>Parent: <code>data</code>
</DIV>
<DIV class=""><DIV class="stylepoint_body" name="data.id__body" id="data.id__body" style="display: none">
<p>A globally unique string used to reference the object. The specific details of the <code>id</code> property are left up to the service.</p>
<p>Example:</p>
<DIV class=""><PRE>{"data": {"id": "12345"}}
</PRE></DIV>
</DIV></DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="">
<H3><A name="data.lang" id="data.lang">data.lang</A></H3>
<SPAN class="link_button" id="link-data.lang__button" name="link-data.lang__button"><A href="?showone=data.lang#data.lang">
link
</A></SPAN><SPAN class="showhide_button" onclick="javascript:ShowHideByName('data.lang')" name="data.lang__button" id="data.lang__button">▶</SPAN>
<DIV style="display:inline;" class="">
Property Value Type: string (formatted as specified in BCP 47)<br>Parent: <code>data (or any child element)</code>
</DIV>
<DIV class=""><DIV class="stylepoint_body" name="data.lang__body" id="data.lang__body" style="display: none">
<p>Indicates the language of the rest of the properties in this object. This property mimics HTML's <code>lang</code> property and XML's <code>xml:lang</code> properties. The value should be a language value as defined in <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/bcp/bcp47.txt">BCP 47</a>. If a single JSON object contains data in multiple languages, the service is responsible for developing and documenting an appropriate location for the <code>lang</code> property.</p>
<p>Example:</p>
<DIV class=""><PRE>{"data": {
"items": [
{ "lang": "en",
"title": "Hello world!" },
{ "lang": "fr",
"title": "Bonjour monde!" }
]}
}</PRE></DIV>
</DIV></DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="">
<H3><A name="data.updated" id="data.updated">data.updated</A></H3>
<SPAN class="link_button" id="link-data.updated__button" name="link-data.updated__button"><A href="?showone=data.updated#data.updated">
link
</A></SPAN><SPAN class="showhide_button" onclick="javascript:ShowHideByName('data.updated')" name="data.updated__button" id="data.updated__button">▶</SPAN>
<DIV style="display:inline;" class="">
Property Value Type: string (formatted as specified in RFC 3339)<br>Parent: <code>data</code>
</DIV>
<DIV class=""><DIV class="stylepoint_body" name="data.updated__body" id="data.updated__body" style="display: none">
<p>Indicates the last date/time (<a href="https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3339.txt">RFC 3339</a>) the item was updated, as defined by the service.</p>
<p>Example:</p>
<DIV class=""><PRE>{"data": {"updated": "2007-11-06T16:34:41.000Z"}}
</PRE></DIV>
</DIV></DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="">
<H3><A name="data.deleted" id="data.deleted">data.deleted</A></H3>
<SPAN class="link_button" id="link-data.deleted__button" name="link-data.deleted__button"><A href="?showone=data.deleted#data.deleted">
link
</A></SPAN><SPAN class="showhide_button" onclick="javascript:ShowHideByName('data.deleted')" name="data.deleted__button" id="data.deleted__button">▶</SPAN>
<DIV style="display:inline;" class="">
Property Value Type: boolean<br>Parent: <code>data (or any child element)</code>
</DIV>
<DIV class=""><DIV class="stylepoint_body" name="data.deleted__body" id="data.deleted__body" style="display: none">
<p>A marker element, that, when present, indicates the containing entry is deleted. If deleted is present, its value must be <code>true</code>; a value of <code>false</code> can cause confusion and should be avoided.</p>
<p>Example:</p>
<DIV class=""><PRE>{"data": {
"items": [
{ "title": "A deleted entry",
"deleted": true
}
]}
}
</PRE></DIV>
</DIV></DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="">
<H3><A name="data.items" id="data.items">data.items</A></H3>
<SPAN class="link_button" id="link-data.items__button" name="link-data.items__button"><A href="?showone=data.items#data.items">
link
</A></SPAN><SPAN class="showhide_button" onclick="javascript:ShowHideByName('data.items')" name="data.items__button" id="data.items__button">▶</SPAN>
<DIV style="display:inline;" class="">
Property Value Type: array<br>Parent: <code>data</code>
</DIV>
<DIV class=""><DIV class="stylepoint_body" name="data.items__body" id="data.items__body" style="display: none">
<p>The property name <code>items</code> is reserved to represent an array of items (for example, photos in Picasa, videos in YouTube). This construct is intended to provide a standard location for collections related to the current result. For example, the JSON output could be plugged into a generic pagination system that knows to page on the <code>items</code> array. If <code>items</code> exists, it should be the last property in the <code>data</code> object (See the "Property Ordering" section below for more details).</p>
<p>Example:</p>
<DIV class=""><PRE>{
"data": {
"items": [
{ /* Object #1 */ },
{ /* Object #2 */ },
...
]
}
}
</PRE></DIV>
</DIV></DIV>
</DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="">
<H2 name="Reserved_Property_Names_for_Paging" id="Reserved_Property_Names_for_Paging">Reserved Property Names for Paging</H2>
<p>The following properties are located in the <code>data</code> object, and help page through a list of items. Some of the language and concepts are borrowed from the <a href="https://www.opensearch.org/">OpenSearch specification</a>.</p>
<p>The paging properties below allow for various styles of paging, including:</p>
<ul>
<li>Previous/Next paging - Allows user's to move forward and backward through a list, one page at a time. The <code>nextLink</code> and <code>previousLink</code> properties (described in the "Reserved Property Names for Links" section below) are used for this style of paging.</li>
<li>Index-based paging - Allows user's to jump directly to a specific item position within a list of items. For example, to load 10 items starting at item 200, the developer may point the user to a url with the query string <code>?startIndex=200</code>.</li>
<li>Page-based paging - Allows user's to jump directly to a specific page within the items. This is similar to index-based paging, but saves the developer the extra step of having to calculate the item index for a new page of items. For example, rather than jump to item number 200, the developer could jump to page 20. The urls during page-based paging could use the query string <code>?page=1</code> or <code>?page=20</code>. The <code>pageIndex</code> and <code>totalPages</code> properties are used for this style of paging.</li>
</ul>
<p>An example of how to use these properties to implement paging can be found at the end of this guide.</p>
<DIV class="">
<H3><A name="data.currentItemCount" id="data.currentItemCount">data.currentItemCount</A></H3>
<SPAN class="link_button" id="link-data.currentItemCount__button" name="link-data.currentItemCount__button"><A href="?showone=data.currentItemCount#data.currentItemCount">
link
</A></SPAN><SPAN class="showhide_button" onclick="javascript:ShowHideByName('data.currentItemCount')" name="data.currentItemCount__button" id="data.currentItemCount__button">▶</SPAN>
<DIV style="display:inline;" class="">
Property Value Type: integer<br>Parent: <code>data</code>
</DIV>
<DIV class=""><DIV class="stylepoint_body" name="data.currentItemCount__body" id="data.currentItemCount__body" style="display: none">
<p>The number of items in this result set. Should be equivalent to items.length, and is provided as a convenience property. For example, suppose a developer requests a set of search items, and asks for 10 items per page. The total set of that search has 14 total items. The first page of items will have 10 items in it, so both <code>itemsPerPage</code> and <code>currentItemCount</code> will equal "10". The next page of items will have the remaining 4 items; <code>itemsPerPage</code> will still be "10", but <code>currentItemCount</code> will be "4".</p>
<p>Example:</p>
<DIV class=""><PRE>{
"data": {
// "itemsPerPage" does not necessarily match "currentItemCount"
"itemsPerPage": 10,
"currentItemCount": 4
}
}
</PRE></DIV>
</DIV></DIV>
</DIV>
<DIV class="">
<H3><A name="data.itemsPerPage" id="data.itemsPerPage">data.itemsPerPage</A></H3>
<SPAN class="link_button" id="link-data.itemsPerPage__button" name="link-data.itemsPerPage__button"><A href="?showone=data.itemsPerPage#data.itemsPerPage">
link